A defining moment in our history

To assist those who read the PDF of "A defining moment in our history" and wish to confirm the quotations or purchase the books cited, below are linked footnotes and references.

Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Drs. Madeline Wyndzen and Nancy Ordover for key insights and research that informed this article.

References and notes

Please note: Anne Lawrence is notorious for removing website materials as soon as comments in them become difficult to defend. While every effort has been made to keep up-to-date links, some materials may no longer be available online.

  1. Bailey JM (2003). The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science of Gender-Bending and Transsexualism. Joseph Henry Press.
    http://www.nap.edu/books/0309084180/html/

  2. Blanchard R (2004), cited in Armstrong J. The body within, the body without. Globe and Mail, 12 June 2004, p. F1.
    http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/ArticleNews/TPStory/LAC/20040612/COVER12/TPComment/TopStories

  3. Lawrence AA (1998). Men trapped in men’s bodies: An introduction to the concept of autogynephilia [sic]. via annelawrence. com.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/autogynephiliaoriginal.html
    http://home.swipnet.se/~w-13968/autogynephilia.html (mirror)

  4. Lawrence AA (2000). Sexuality and transsexuality: A new introduction to autogynephilia [sic] via annelawrence. com.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/autogynephilia.html

  5. Pinnel R (2003). Gay, straight, or lying? Science has the answer. Joseph Henry Press sales materials for The Man Who Would Be Queen.
    http://www.jhpress.org/press_release/10530.pdf (requires reader)

  6. Petersen M (2003). Resignation letter to HBIGDA, 4 November 2003.
    http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/maxine-petersen.html

  7. Cantor J (2003). Book review: The Man Who Would Be Queen. APA Division 44 Newsletter, Summer, 2003.
    http://www.apa.org/divisions/div44/vol19nu2.pdf (requires reader)

  8. Lawrence AA (1998). Men trapped in men’s bodies.
    http://home.swipnet.se/~w-13968/autogynephilia.html

  9. Foucault M (1976). Il faut défendre la société [Society must be defended]. Gallimard/Seuil, Paris, 1987, p. 215-216., Chapter 11 (17 March 1976 lecture).
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0679724699/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance

  10. McCloskey D (2000). Crossing: A Memoir. University of Chicago Press.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0226556697/qid=1094414215/sr=1-1/ref=sr_1_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books

  11. McCloskey D (2003). Queer Science [review of Bailey’s Man Who Would Be Queen]. Reason, November 2003.
    http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1568/is_6_35/ai_109085443

  12. Fausto-Sterling A (2000). Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality. Basic Books.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0465077145/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance
    http://www.symposion.com/ijt/gilbert/sterling.htm (excerpts)

  13. Bailey JM (2003). KOOP radio interview.
    http://www.donnarose.com/JMBInterview.html (transcription)

  14. Bailey JM (1999). Homosexuality and mental illness. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1999 Oct;56(10):883-4.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10530627

  15. Blanchard R (1991). Clinical observations and systematic studies of autogynephilia [sic]. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 17(4) , 235-251.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1815090

  16. Lawrence AA (1999). Lessons from autogynephiles [sic]: eroticism, motivation, and the Standards of Care. via annelawrence. com.

  17. The medical ideas of function, cause (etiology), and teleology conflict at times with evolutionary theory. See Wyndzen at:
    http://www.genderpsychology.org/gender_queer/teleology.html

  18. Lawrence AA (2000). Sexuality and transsexuality.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/autogynephilia.html

  19. Wyndzen, MH (2003). Autogynephilia & Ray Blanchard’s mis-directed sex-drive model of transsexuality:
    http://www.genderpsychology.org/autogynephilia/ray_blanchard
    From Psychology of Gender Identity & Transgenderism:
    http://www.genderpsychology.org/autogynephilia/ray_blanchard/anne_lawrence_identity.html

  20. Roughgarden J (2004). Evolution’s Rainbow: Diversity, Gender, and Sexuality in Nature and People. University of California Press.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0520240731/qid=1094414737/sr=8-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  21. Gould SJ (1996). The Mismeasure of Man. W. W. Norton & Company.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0393314251/qid=1094414821/sr=ka-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457

  22. Dawood K, Pillard RC, Horvath C, Revelle W, Bailey JM (2000). Familial aspects of male homosexuality. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 2000 Apr;29(2):155-63.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10842723

  23. Bierich H, Moser B (2003). Queer science: An ‘elite’ cadre of scientists and journalists tries to turn back the clock on sex, gender and race. SPLC Intelligence Report, Winter 2003.
    http://www.splcenter.org/intel/intelreport/article.jsp?sid=96
    Sailer founded the group on 3 March 1999; Bailey and Blanchard both joined on 4 March. Like early eugenicists, this group advocates what they believe is a “benign” form of eugenics called positive eugenics, where “good” traits are encouraged, but this inevitably leads to negative eugenics, where “bad” traits are eliminated. For a Who’s Who of the modern eugenics movement, see the full list at: http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/human-biodiversity.html

  24. Black E (2003). War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. Four Walls Eight Windows.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1568582587/qid=1094414996/sr=8-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  25. Buck v. Bell, 274 U.S., 200, 207 [1927]: Associate Justice Holmes: “It is better for all the world, if instead of waiting to execute degenerate offspring for crime, or to let them starve for their imbecility, society can prevent those who are manifestly unfit from continuing their kind. The principle that sustains compulsory vaccination is broad enough to cover cutting the Fallopian tubes.”
    http://www.dnalc.org/resources/buckvbell.html (click "Court's decision" and see page 3 for full text)

  26. Dowbiggin IR (1997). Keeping America Sane: Psychiatry and Eugenics in the United States and Canada, 1880-1940. Cornell University Press.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0801433568/qid=1094415314/sr=8-1/ref=sr_8_xs_ap_i1_xgl14/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  27. Though they have renamed themselves the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Blanchard still works at the institution they call the Clarke Site.
    http://www.camh.net/about_camh/Guide_CYGenderIdentitySvc.html

  28. James AJ (2004). Plethysmograph: a disputed device. via tsroadmap.com:
    http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/plethysmograph.html

  29. Freund K, Blanchard R (1993). Erotic target location errors in male gender dysphorics, paedophiles, and fetishists. British Journal of Psychiatry 1993 Apr;162:558-63.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8481752

  30. Zucker K, Blanchard R (1997). Transvestic fetishism: Psychopathology and theory. Sexual Deviance: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment, Guilford Press, New York.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1572302410/qid=1094415488/sr=8-1/ref=sr_8_xs_ap_i1_xgl14/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  31. Szasz TS (1974). The Myth of Mental Illness. Perennial/HarperCollins p. 267.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0060911514/qid=1094415537/sr=8-1/ref=sr_8_xs_ap_i1_xgl14/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  32. Bem D (1996). Exotic becomes erotic: A developmental theory of sexual orientation. Psychological Review 1996. Vol. 103, No. 2, 320-335.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11100261

  33. Ordover N (2003). American Eugenics: Race, Queer Anatomy, and the Science of Nationalism. University of Minnesota Press, 2003.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0816635595/qid=1094415622/sr=8-4/ref=sr_8_xs_ap_i4_xgl14/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  34. Bailey JM, Pillard RC (1991). A genetic study of male sexual orientation. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1991 Dec;48(12):1089-96.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1845227

  35. Lawrence AA (1999). Autogynephilia [sic]: Frequently-asked questions. via annelawrence. com.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/agfaqs.html

  36. Wyndzen MH (2003). Everything you never wanted to know about autogynephilia [sic] * but were afraid you had to ask. via genderpsychology.org
    http://www.genderpsychology.org/autogynephilia/index.html

  37. Lawrence AA (1999). Autogynephilia [sic]: Frequently-Asked Questions
    http://www.annelawrence. com/agfaqs.html

  38. Wise TN, Meyer JK (1980). The border area between transvestism and gender dysphoria: transvestic applicants for sex reassignment. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 1980 Aug;9(4):327-42.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7416946

  39. Lothstein LM (1979). Psychological treatment of transsexualism and sexual identity disorders: some recent attempts. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 1979 Sep;8(5):431-44
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=496624

  40. Wise TN, Dupkin C, Meyer JK (1981). Partners of distressed transvestites. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1981 Sep;138(9):1221-4.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7270729

  41. Wise TN, Lucas J (1981). Pseudotranssexualism: iatrogenic gender dysphoria. Journal of Homosexuality. 1981 Spring;6(3):61-6.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7341667

  42. American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III-R).
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0871400499/qid=1094416834/sr=1-1/ref=sr_1_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books

  43. Moser C, Kleinplatz PJ (2002). Transvestic fetishism: psychopathology or iatrogenic artifact? New Jersey Psychologist, 52 (2) 16-17.
    http://home.netcom.com/~docx2/tf.html

  44. Richards (see Second Serve, Madison Books, 1984) and Lawrence both went off hormones, married, and fathered children.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0812880757/qid=1094417020/sr=8-1/ref=sr_8_xs_ap_i1_xgl14/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846
    Lawrence (annelawrence. com/mytrans) writes: “I tried to putaside my cross-gender leanings and to function as a normal male.”
    http://www.annelawrence. com/mytrans.html
    Hemingway continued to appear at public events as a male years after vaginoplasty.
    http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/GregoryHemingway.html

  45. Stekel W (1923). Der Fetischismus dargestellt für Ärzte und Kriminalogen. Störungen des Trieb- und Affektlebens (die parapathischen Erkrankungen) 7. [Volume 7: The fetishes, prepared for doctors and criminologists. Disorders of the Instincts and the Emotions (the parapathic illnesses)] Berlin/Wien: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1923. First English translation by S. Parker as Sexual Aberrations. 1930 Liveright Publishing, New York.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0871400499/qid=1094416834/sr=1-1/ref=sr_1_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books

  46. LeVay S (2003). Human Sexuality. Sinauer, p. 454. Bailey teaches undergraduates from LeVay’s book, and LeVay calls Bailey’s book “absolutely splendid” on the front cover.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0878934545/qid=1094416806/sr=ka-2/ref=pd_ka_2/002-8778638-7938457

  47. American Psychiatric Association (1980). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III).
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0890420181/ref=pd_ecc_rvi_2/002-8778638-7938457

  48. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0890420629/qid=1094416501/sr=1-13/ref=sr_1_13/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books

  49. American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR).
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0890420254/qid=1094416419/sr=8-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  50. LeVay S (2003). Human Sexuality, p. 454.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0878934545/qid=1094416806/sr=ka-2/ref=pd_ka_2/002-8778638-7938457

  51. Blanchard (1989). The concept of autogynephilia [sic] and the typology of male gender dysphoria. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1989 Oct;177(10):616-23. full text available at genderpsychology.org.
    http://www.genderpsychology.org/autogynephilia/male_gender_dysphoria/

  52. Blanchard R (1993). Partial versus complete autogynephilia [sic] and gender dysphoria. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 1993 Winter;19(4):301-7.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8308916

  53. Bradley SJ, Blanchard R, Coates S, Green R, Levine SB, Meyer-Bahlburg HFL, Pauly IB, Zucker KJ. Interim report of the DSM-IV subcommittee on gender identity. Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 20, 1991, No. 4, pp. 333-343.
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1953325

  54. Lawrence AA (1996). Taking Portlandia’s hand: sex reassignment surgery in Portland. via annelawrence. com.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/portlandia.html

  55. State of Washington Department of Health (1997). Appendix G: Incident Activity Report. via tsroadmap.com (see note on internet report).
    http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/lawrence/anne-lawrence-report.html

  56. State of Washington Department of Health (1997). Initial Review Panel Case Presentation. via tsroadmap.com:
    http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/lawrence/anne-lawrence-case.html

  57. James AJ (2004). “Autogynephilia”: a disputed diagnosis. via tsroadmap.com:
    http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/autogynephilia.html

  58. Bailey JM (2003). The Man Who Would Be Queen, p. 144.
    http://books.nap.edu/books/0309084180/html/144.html

  59. Ibid.
    http://books.nap.edu/books/0309084180/html/144.html
  60. Lawrence AA (1999). Lessons from autogynephiles [sic]: Eroticism, motivation, and the Standards of Care. via annelawrence. com.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/1999hbigda1.html

  61. Ibid.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/1999hbigda1.html

  62. Federoff JP, Blanchard R (2000). The case for and against publicly funded transsexual surgery. Psychiatry Rounds, April 2000.
    http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/psychiatry_rounds.pdf (requires reader)

  63. Byrd AD (2004). Book review: The Man Who Would Be Queen. via NARTH (National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality) e.g. “Bailey's focus on femininity among pre-homosexual boys and homosexual men...”
    http://www.narth.com/docs/queen.html

  64. Bailey JM (2003). The Man Who Would Be Queen, p. 31.
    http://books.nap.edu/books/0309084180/html/31.html

  65. Ibid. p. 33.
    http://books.nap.edu/books/0309084180/html/33.html

  66. Colapinto J (2001). As Nature Made Him: The Boy Who Was Raised as a Girl. Perennial.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0060929596/qid=1094418369/sr=8-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

    As I discuss in my essay “Wannabes?”, transsexual women seek medical options to confirm their identities as women; others seek them to confirm their identities as transsexuals. Differential diagnosis appeals to some people who wish to be distinguished from or included with a group of people. Some people who seek bodily feminization base their evidence of inclusion on these procedures and use the disparaging term “just a crossdresser,” as if that is a less legitimate interest or identity.
    http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/wannabes.html

  67. Swarns RL (2004). “African-American” becomes a term for debate. New York Times, 29 August 2004.
    http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60614FA345A0C7A8EDDA10894DC404482

  68. Lawrence AA (2000). Sexuality and transsexuality: A new introduction to autogynephilia [sic]. via annelawrence. com.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/autogynephilia.html

  69. Lawrence AA (2004). Posted as “autogynephile1,” 25 August 2004. via groups.yahoo.com.
    http://groups.yahoo.com/group/autogynephiliasupport/message/3682

  70. Lorde A (1984). The transformation of silence into language and action. Sister Outsider. The Crossing Press. p. 41.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0895941414/qid=1094418917/sr=8-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  71. Bornstein K (1995). Gender Outlaw: On Men, Women, and the Rest of Us. New York: Vintage Books. e.g.: “Transsexuality is the only condition in Western culture for which the therapy is to lie.”
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0679757015/qid=1094418971/sr=ka-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457

  72. Lawrence AA (1998). Absence of regrets after a “short real-life test.” via annelawrence. com.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/shortrlt.html

  73. Lawrence AA (1999). Autogynephilia [sic]: Frequently-asked questions.
    http://www.annelawrence. com/agfaqs.html

  74. Lorde A (1984). The master’s tools will never dismantle the master’s house. Sister Outsider. The Crossing Press. p. 110.
    http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0895941414/qid=1094418917/sr=8-1/ref=pd_ka_1/002-8778638-7938457?v=glance&s=books&n=507846

  75. Tremmel PV (2003). Study suggests difference between female and male sexuality. Northwestern University press release,12 June 2003.
    http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-06/nu-ssd061203.php

  76. National Coalition for LGBT Health (2004). An overview of U.S. Trans Health Priorities. August 2004 update.
    http://www.lgbthealth.net/TransHealthPriorities.pdf     (requires reader)

  77. Vitale A (1997). Gender dysphoria: Treatment limits and options. via avitale.com
    http://www.avitale.com/treatmentoptions.htm

  78. Roughgarden J (2004). The Bailey affair: Psychology perverted. via lynnconway.com.
    http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/Reviews/Psychology%20Perverted%20-%20by%20Joan%20Roughgarden.htm

  79. Conway L (2003-2004). An investigation into the publication of J. Michael Bailey's book on transsexualism by the National Academies. via lynnconway.com
    http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/LynnsReviewOfBaileysBook.html

  80. Burns C and 1,460 signatories (2004). J. Michael Bailey book petition.
    http://www.petitiononline.com/bailey/petition.html

  81. Allison R (1998). Janice Raymond and autogynephilia [sic]. (reviewing Raymond JG. The Transsexual Empire: The Making of the She-Male. Beacon Press, 1979.) via drbecky.com.
    http://www.drbecky.com/raymond.html

  82. Conway L (2002). How frequently does transsexualism occur? via lynnconway.com.
    http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/TSprevalence.html

  83. Bailey JM (2003). The Man Who Would Be Queen, p. 179.
    http://books.nap.edu/books/0309084180/html/179.html

  84. Letellier P (2004). Group rescinds honor for disputed book. PlanetOut.com Network, 16 March 2004.
    http://www.gay.com/news/article.html?2004/03/16/3